Day 1 :
Keynote Forum
Huang Wei Ling
Medical Acupuncture and Pain Management Clinic, Brazil
Keynote: Is it possible to treat community-acquired and nosocomial infections with the same method without the use of antibiotics?
Biography:
Abstract:
Introduction: The difference between community-acquired and nosocomial infections is that community-acquired infections are defined as infections contracted outside of a health-care environment. Nosocomial infections, on the other hand, are those contracted after the patient’s admission and not incubated before hospitalization. In addition, the microorganisms potentially causing community infections are generally more sensitive to antimicrobials, as opposed to nosocomial infections, which are generally caused by multi-resistant bacteria.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that communityacquired and nosocomial infections can be treated with the same approach and without the administration of antibiotics.
Methods: The method used was to include older medicine theories such as Traditional Chinese Medicine and two case reports of community-acquired infection compared to another two cases of nosocomial infection. All four cases were treated with the same method, by balancing the Yin, Yang, Qi and Blood, removing the internal heat using auricular acupuncture, and using energy based Chinese dietary reorientation.
Findings: All cases of community-acquired and nosocomial infection reported in this study improved uniquely with the treatment administrated with no prescription of antimicrobials as the use of these drugs themselves were generating the energy imbalance that maintained the infectious process.
Conclusion: Based on these four clinical reports, we can use the same method to treat community-acquired and nosocomial infections. This research was based on the theories of Traditional Chinese Medicine, which indicated that these diseases came from the same roots, and therefore could be treated with the same method, and without the use of antibiotics.
Keynote Forum
Huang Wei Ling
Medical Acupuncture and Pain Management Clinic, Brazil
Keynote: What do we need to know to prevent and control nosocomial infections completely?
Time : 11:15-12:00
Biography:
Abstract:
Introduction: Nosocomial infections are a widespread problem around the world. The Center for Disease Control (CDC) estimates that nosocomial infections affect around 1.7 million patients per year, and cause 99.000 deaths. Nowadays, only 1/3 of nosocomial infections can be prevented with the Infection Control Programs. The other 2/3 cannot be prevented with the programs used nowadays. In USA, 31 billions of dollars are spent in the treatment of nosocomial infections per year.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how this 2/3 of nosocomial infections could be controlled with the use of ancient medicines reasoning, such as Traditional Chinese Medicine and Hippocrates theories. Another goal is to make evident the possible economy to healthcare when using these techniques and tools in the treatment of nosocomial infections.
Methods: The methodology used was a review of studies, such as those presented by Hippocrates as well as others from oriental medicines, which comprehend the disease as originated from three factors: external (exposure to cold, heat, humidity, wind and dryness), internal (emotional) and dietary.
Findings: When comprehending the patient in a broader view, considering the energy imbalances of Yin, Yang, Qi, Blood and Heat retention, it is possible to control and prevent better more nosocomial infections, reducing the costs for the healthcare’s.
Conclusion: The 2/3 of not controlled nosocomial infections cannot be prevented because of the reasoning used in the treatment of infections in Western Medicine. When using ancient oriental medicines reasoning, a different thinking can be used.
- Plenary Tracks
Location: Andromede
Session Introduction
Abdulsalam Mohamad Kasim Al-Mukhtar
University of Mosul, Iraq
Title: Effectiveness of albendazol against viability of Entamoeba histolytica in experimental animals
Biography:
Abdulsalam Mohamad Kasim Al-Mukhtar has completed his PhD from Salford University (England 1980). He has published more than 30 research papers in different journals, and was a Lecturer in the Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Mosul, Iraq 44 years ago.
Abstract:
Objective: Intestinal amebiasis is still an important health problem in developing countries of the world. One of the most issues for future biomedical research is the development of antimicrobial resistant, in order to search for alternative new antiamoebic drugs. A study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of albendazol on the viability of Entamoeba histolytica clinical isolate from human which was used for experimental animals.
Material & Methods: All experimental animal models (30 albino mice and 30 rabbits), divided into three groups, each group with either 10 mouse or 10 rabbits, were orally infected with E. histolytica (clinical isolate), then after seven days they were given drugs (metronidazol or albendazol) daily according to body weight prepared in advance for five days duration and in addition to the controls without drugs. Stool specimens of each group were examined microscopically for viable trophozoites, and the number of these trophozoites was counted with haemocytometer chamber, as compared to untreated and treated groups. Statistical methods used were student t-test.
Results: The results showed infection of E. histolytica was able to be initiated in rabbits only. Albendazol and metronidazol were highly effective (100%) on treatment of infected groups of rabbits. Trophozoites of E. histolytica was highly sensitive to albendazol (25% viability), or to metronidazol (22.7% viability) at a dose of 400 mg/kg/day and 250 mg/kg/day respectively, which was significant in relation to the control 500% viability. However, the differences were significant at the level (p<0.01).
Conclusions: The present study showed that the newly used albendazol is very effective anti-amebic drug as metronidazol in rabbits.
Victoria Moltong Yilwa
Nigerian Defence Academy, Nigeria
Title: Nigerian indigenous plants for the prevention, control and treatment of infectious diseases
Biography:
Abstract:
Plants have been used, for centuries, in the treatment of both infectious and noninfectious diseases. Every part of a plant can be utilized for medicinal purposes. Many plants have been identified and reported as having antibiotic, antifungal, antihelminthic, anti-inflammatory, etc. and healing properties. Nigeria is a country that has a rich biodiversity of plants that have medicinal properties. These plants have been in use for several centuries with positive results. Some of these plants have been documented. This paper seeks to discuss the importance of using plants and plant products, advantages, challenges and prospects of herbal treatments for the prevention, control and treatment of infectious diseases.
Huang Wei Ling
Medical Acupuncture and Pain Management Clinic, Brazil
Title: How to treat urinary tract infections without using antibiotics?
Biography:
Abstract:
Introduction: Several studies point out urinary tract infections as a widely common pathology worldwide. In Traditional Chinese Medicine the physiopathology of the disease is Kidney Yin deficiency, Blood Deficiency and Heat Retention.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the possibility of treating urinary tract infections without using antibiotics.
Methods: The interpretation and analysis of recent articles regarding the treatment of urinary tract infections in Western Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine and Hippocratic Medicine were used. The description and analysis of two case-reports were studied. The first from a 75-year-old woman and the second from a 45-yearold female patient both with symptoms of dysuria and were diagnosed with urinary tract infection. All patients presented shown improvement of the symptoms and urine cultures were positive for bacteria before the treatment and negative after the treatment only with acupuncture, Chinese dietary counseling and apex ear bloodletting, not requiring antibiotics use in neither of the cases.
Results: Both patients presented complete improvement of urinary tract infections with one session of auricular acupuncture with apex ear bloodletting. The result for both cases appeared in a few days.
Conclusion: It is possible to treat urinary tract infections without using antibiotics. For this aim, it is important to treat the patient through an integral pathway, focusing the treatment in the energy disturbances, the underlying cause of the symptoms. The proposal of the author is that the bacteria appear because of the energy disturbance, when the heat retention is taken away and the energy disturbance is corrected, the bacteria have no way to survive.
Deborah Madi Dibal
Nigerian Defence Academy, Nigeria
Title: Molecular characterization of Onchocerca infected blackfly collected from river Zururu, Malalin Gabas, Kaduna using 0-150 OV and the 12SrRNA
Biography:
Abstract:
Simulium damnosum (blackfly) found along fast flowing river and streams is the vector of the disease causing organism, Onchocerca volvulus which is transmitted through the bite of the fly during blood feeding on human resulting in ultimate irreversible blindness. About 150 blackflies were collected from the sampling station, river Zururu which is a tributary that terminates into river Kaduna at Malalin gabas Kaduna, using a hand scooping net and preserved using 80% ethanol. The 150 flies collected were separated into pools of 50 for DNA extraction. Purified DNA obtained was subjected to PCR analysis and amplified using the 12SrRNA forward and reverse primers for the Simulium species and the 0-150 OV forward and reverse primers for the Onchocerca volvulus. The gene amplification using the 12SrRNA generated a band size of 196 bp for the blackfly species and the 0-150 OV generated a band size of 190 bp for the Onchocerca volvulus. Sequencing and blast of the PCR products using the 12SrRNA confirm the following identities. Simulium damnosum (93%), S. maklarini (90%), S. laterale (90%), and S. middlemissae (78%). The results from these study shows without any doubt that the presence of blackflies actively feeding in the area and are infected with Onchocerca volvulus.
Biography:
Abstract:
The relationship between toxoplasmosis and schizophrenia in schizophrenic patients in Sulaimania was studied to demonstrate psychiatric manifestation in toxoplasmosis patients. Toxoplasma gondii is intracellular protozoan that cause of toxoplasmosis, both genders are infected by parasite. The most clinical correlations of toxoplasmosis is risking of CNS infection. Early exposure to several infections agents has been associated with the later development of schizophrenia. Two laboratory methods were proceeding in this study; sero-diagnostic tests (LAT and ELISA) were used. The study revealed that 38 (84%) of cases were positive for anti-Toxoplasma and seven (16%) of cases were negative for anti-Toxoplasma antibodies by LAT whereas it was 28 (62%) examined by ELISA technique showed seropositive results (IgG) and 17 (38%) showed seronegative results. Such differences were significant (P≤0.01) in both test between schizophrenic patients and control (Chi-square). While in control cases, 14 (35%) cases were positive for anti-toxoplasma antibody by LAT and 13 (33%) were positive by ELISA- IgG.
- Poster Presentations
Location: Andromede
Session Introduction
Yumn Ahmed Elsabagh
Kasr Alainy-Cairo University, Egypt
Title: Brucellosis, do not miss: A case report
Biography:
Yumn Ahmed Elsabagh is currently working as a Lecturer in the Department of Internal Medicine at Cairo University, Egypt. She has a MBBCH, a master’s degree and studied MD in Internal Medicine at Cairo University. She is a member of Egyptian Society of Rheumatology. She is involved in teaching and lectures on Tropical and Infectious diseases for Medical students. She has supervised many undergraduate and postgraduate researchers. She attended different conferences and published researches regarding infectious diseases in rheumatological patients.
Abstract:
Brucellosis is a zoonotic infection which still remains as a major health problem in the Mediterranean region and the Middle East. Two case reports were described. Case (1): A 40 years old female, known rheumatic heart disease with mitral valve replacement 23 years ago. She complained of fever for one year, arthritis of wrists, knees, ankles and low back pain. Four months later, she complained of left upper abdominal pain. By examination temperature was 40°C, looks pale, cardiac examination showed mixed mitral valve disease, abdomen showed tender splenomegaly and joint examination showed tenderness at wrists, knees, ankles and lumber spine. ESR 120, CRP: 96. TEE showed freely mobile mass attached to mitral valve. Blood culture showed MRSA and received antibiotics according to culture but without improvement. A presumptive diagnosis of Brucella Endocarditis was made. Brucella abortus: 1/640, Brucella mullitens: 1/320. We started streptomycin, doxycycline and rifampicin. After two weeks the patient clinical condition markedly improved, and after three months of treatment the vegetation resolved. Case (2): A female patient 20 years old, complained of diarrhea and fever reaching 40°C. After one week the patient complained of bilateral symmetrical arthritis of wrists, MCPs, PIPs, Knees and ankles with low back pain. Her lab showed HG 9, TLC: 19 with absolute neutrophilia. CRP: 98, ESR: 5, ANA, Anti DNA, Anti smith, Anti Jo, RF, Anti CCP, Anti SSA, Anti SSB, were negative. Blood culture showed Staphylococcus aureus. She received antibiotics according to culture without improvement. A presumptive diagnosis of Brucella arthritis was made. Brucella abortus: 1/640, Brucella mullitens: 1/640. We started doxycycline and rifampicin and the patient arthritis improved after two weeks.
Sonia Etenna Lekana-Douki
International Center of Medical Research of Franceville (CIRMF), Gabon
Title: Epidemiology and molecular characterization of the re-emerging measles virus among children and adults in the Haut-Ogooue, Gabon
Biography:
Sonia Etenna Lekana-Douki is a Researcher, Co-Head of the Unit of Emergence of Viral Diseases in the Department of Virology, in the International Center of Medical Research of Franceville (CIRMF), Gabon. She has completed her DEA (Master) from Faculty of Chatenay-Malabry, University Paris-Sud (Paris XI), France in 2000. After working at a research engineer at CIRMF, she has completed her PhD from the University of Montpellier II in 2013, on the viral etiology of influenza-like illness among adults and children and diarrheal syndrome among children in Gabon. Her researches are focusing on diagnosis of infectious diseases and syndromic surveillance such as influenza-like illness, respiratory syndrome, diseases associated with arbovirus and diarrheal syndrome in children. She has published 13 papers, Head of the sequencing platform; she participates in various studies of the Department of Virology by genotyping the viruses diagnosed in the syndromic surveillance.
Abstract:
Background: Measles is one of the most infectious diseases with a high mortality rate worldwide. It is caused by the measles virus (MeV) which is a single stranded RNA virus with genetic diversity based on the nucleoprotein gene, including 24 genotypes. In Gabon, several outbreaks occurred in the past few years, especially in 2016 in Libreville and Oyem. A surveillance network of infectious diseases highlighted a measles outbreak which occurred in the south of Gabon from April to June 2017.
Methods: Clinical specimens of urine, blood, throat and nasal swabs were collected in the two main cities of the Haut-Ogooue province, Franceville and Moanda. Virological investigations based on real-time polymerase chain reaction for molecular diagnosis and conventional PCR for genotype identification were done.
Results: Specimens were collected from 139 suspected measles patients. A total of 46 (33.1%) children and adults were laboratory-confirmed cases among which 16 (34.8%) were unvaccinated, 16 (34.8%) had received one dose, and 11 (23.9%) had received two doses of the measles vaccine. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all the sequences of the nucleoprotein gene belonged to genotype B3.
Conclusions: Measles infection was more commonly confirmed among those with one recorded dose compared to suspect cases with none, unknown or two recorded doses. The molecular characterization of the strains showed the circulation of the B3 genotype which is endemic on the African continent, thirty years after the B2 genotype was described in an outbreak in Libreville, the capital of Gabon. These findings highlight that surveillance and molecular investigation of measles should be continued in Gabon.